Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to stain 4µm paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed rat intestinal ileum sections. The system was used to look at radiation-induced cell damage. (2198)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to determine the number of TUNEL-positive cells of rat primary cerebellar granule neurons cultured under hypoglycaemic conditions for three hours. Cells showed a dramatic increase in apoptotic nuclei under these conditions but the P2 receptor antagonist basilen blue prevent the increase. (2206)

Notes: Mouse insulinoma betaTC-3 cells were treated with anti-Fas antibody and apoptosis measured with the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) using flow cytometry. The study also includes a positive and negative control. (0049)

Notes: A primary cell line from rat subventricular zone which remains undifferentiated over time was developed as a model for MAPK activation. Cell were stimulated with 20 ng/ml bFGF and 20 ng/ml EGF (Promega) to activate MAPK. The MAPK pathway was inhibited with either U0126 (Promega) or  PD98059. Immunocytochemistry was performed with the Anti-ERK 1/2 pAb (1:100 dilution) to detect both active and inactive forms of MAPK proteins and with the Anti-ACTIVE™ MAPK pAb (1:100 dilution) to specifically detect the dually phosphorylated, active forms of MAPK. Cells were also immunostained with the neuron specific marker Anti-III-tubulin mAb (0.5 µg/ml). Cell proliferation was monitored with the CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay System. Apoptosis within the cell population was monitored using the DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System. (2391)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to assess apoptosis in GH3 rat pituitary adenoma cells treated with bromocriptine. Bromocriptine was also shown to activate p38 kinase. Inclusion of p38 kinase inhibitors with the bromocriptine significantly decreased the number of apoptotic GH3 cells. (0044)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to assess apoptotic response of a human colonic cell line (CaCo-2) to lipid hydroperoxide levels. Dose dependence between 0 and 25µM was studied for 24hrs, and a time course using 10µM was done from 0-48 hrs. Cells were washed with PBS, fixed in 1% formaldehyde, and permeabilized with 70% ice cold ethanol at -20 degrees overnight. The permeabilized cells were washed, labeled with TdT and fluorescein, and incubated with 5µg/ml PI. Labeled cells were quantified by flow cytometry. (2126)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine diethylamine-nitric oxide complexed with sodium (NO donor) on primary rat neuronal-enriched midbrain cultures. The cells showed a dose-dependent increase in TUNEL-positive cells. Details are provided on how the cells were quantified under the microscope. (2204)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to determine the number of apoptotic cells in NB69 human neuroblastoma cells exposed to increasing amounts of SNAP (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine). No real increase in apoptotic cells was seen with levels as high as 750µM. (2205)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein was used to detect apoptotic nuclei in PC12 cells treated with either calcium ionophores or hydrogen peroxide. Update: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein has been renamed to DeadEnd™ Fluorimetric TUNEL System. (0503)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine apoptotic cells in mouse microvessels. The assays were performed on 8µm thick paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Animals treated with the anti-EGF receptor mAb C225 demonstrated many more TUNEL-positive cells. (2208)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to assess apoptosis in HeLa cells overexpressing an activator of RNA-dependent protein kinase. (2200)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to analyze apoptotic cells in 5µm thick, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse backskin sections. (0020)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine apoptosis in PKD¹⁺ and PKD^1– MDCK cell lines. Upon serum withdrawal, the knockout cells had vastly larger numbers of apoptotic cells over control cells. (2202)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to label apoptotic Peridinium gatunense cells treated with increasing amounts of inorganic carbon. The cells were fixed in 50% acetone or methanol, washed in graded ethanol (100%, 80%, 50%, 20%) and then PBS. The cells were permeabilized with Triton^® X-100 then processed for the TUNEL assay. (0046)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to identify apoptotic cells in cultures of SN56, a murine cholinergic cell line. The SN56 cells were treated with S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). Retinoic Acid treatment of the cells increased SNAP sensitivity and methylthiocitrulline attenuated the SNAP sensitivity as well as a cell permeable caspase-3 inhibitor, Acetyl-DEVD-CHO. A lot of detail is provided for the TUNEL procedure and treatments. (2199)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine apoptosis in mouse skin exposed to UV irradiation to mimic sunburn. The assay was performed on 5µm formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues treated with proteinase K for permeabilization. (2207)

Notes: Apoptosis was studied by TUNEL assay using the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) and PI staining. Amount of apoptosis was quantitated by flow cytometry. Test compounds that activate the TLR2 pathway were tested for cytotoxicity using the CytoTox 96^® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay. The cells were at 2.4x10⁴ cells/well. (2128)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine apoptotic nuclei in 10µm cross sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded mouse embryos. Capsulin wildtype and mutant embryos had a distinct difference in abdominal sections with regards to TUNEL staining. (0024)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to detect apoptotic nuclei in 10µm cryosections of rat brain. The preparation of the tissue for staining is documented and ends with fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde. The sections are treated with proteinase K then fixed again. The system was used to look at differences in apoptotic nuclei in the brain of wildtype and flathead/flathead rats. (0022)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System) was used to examine apoptosis in 15µm paraformaldehyde-fixed, frozen sections of mouse spinal cord. The researcher were studying the pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and the effect of uric acid and myelin basic protein on the pathology. (0021)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein was used to label TUNEL-positive cells in transgenic mouse skin. The formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were deparaffinized, permeabilized with proteinase K and formalin-fixed a second time. After this final fixation, the 5µm sections were processed for TUNEL. Good detail is provided for the tissue processing. Update: The Apoptosis Detection System has been renamed the DeadEND™ Fluorometric TUNEL System (Cat.# G3250). (0420)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein, was used to label TUNEL-positive nuclei in 10µm sections of rat retina. A lot of detail is provided for processing of the tissue prior to the TUNEL reaction. The name of the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein, has changed to DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System. (0772)

Notes: The Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein was used to identify TUNEL-positive cells in sections of mouse lymph node and spleen. The tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde then paraffin embedded for sectioning. The sections were attached to slides, depariffinized, permeabilized with proteinase K then stained for TUNEL-positive cells. A lot of detail is provided for tissue processing. (0705)

Notes: 293 cells stably expressing the human toll-like receptor-2 were challenged with various agents and analyzed for apoptosis. One test was a visual inspection for blebbing and the other was quantitation by TUNEL staining, using the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein (DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL Assay), followed by FACS analysis. In another assay for THP-1 cell death, the CytoTox 96^® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay was used to monitor LDH release in response to bacterial lipoproteins. (1508)

Notes: The authors used the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein, to assay for apoptosis in the NTera2 human teratocarcinoma (NT2) cell line following expression of antisense Presenilin-1 and Presenilin-2. The name of the Apoptosis Detection System, Fluorescein, has changed to the DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System. (1012)